CREDITS

Designed and edited by:
Celine May Salvino

This website was influenced and truly inspired by the disconnect and disparity of learning about Asian history.
As an Asian American, I found it difficult wanting to ever learn more about Asian history without it being watered down, censored with the intentions of keeping relations with the countries I’m trying to research or to understand more. There was a major push to learn more about these women on how relevant this topic at this moment in the social-political climate surrounding the Pacific.


I want to educate the younger generation, and the world to go learn more about the world. Research the questions that you’re ever so curious about, because maybe it’ll open something interesting. A lot of the information sometimes gets watered down for you to understand it easier, but it might not be enough for you to fully understand what had happened in the past. If you found something frustrating, go on and investigate it.

More information about “Comfort Women”:
A Japanese Website where they would want to resolve the issue around "Comfort Women."

Fight for Justice


A San Fransisco Coalition to educate students about "Comfort Women" and ensure that this information is in the curriculum.

Comfort Women Justice Coalition

Acknowledgements

This project was produced as partial fulfillment of the requirements of DESN 402, Senior Studio II, in the Graphic Design Program at The University of the Arts, Spring 2019.

Design Instructor: John Connolly
Editorial Instructor: Sherry Lefevre
Critics: Joel Katz and Nancy Mayer
Research supported by Sara MacDonald
Coded with the assistance of Jonathan Davis

Special Thanks

Ye Lim Lee, without you I would never have the confidence to do this topic. You’ve also helped me research and translate information, as well as gave me insight on how it feel to be a South Korean with this knowledge. Thank you for sharing your culture, but also helping me be more interested in a historical yet very controversial topic still within the Asian community.

Jonathan White, you’re such supportive egg, you also have helped me build confidence in this topic, but also go through this entire project with heartache for the topic, but with history in general. Without you I would have never developed the core emotions for this project.

Gregg Robinson, the moral support through the toughest times.

Mom and Dad, thank you for believing in me, even when I stubbornly decided to go into this career path.

The Graphic Design class of 2019, without these wonderful people being such an inspiration and helped me push through it all, I have learned so much from every single one of you.

Sources

ENGULFING THE PACIFIC
Text Sources:
Primary Text
Japan’s Comfort Women: Sexual slavery and prostitution during World War II and US occupation
Yuki Tanaka, Toshiyuki Tanaka, 2001 Routledge. You can find this book, here.

Asian Women’s Fund Online Museum
Establishment of the AW Fund, and the basic nature of its projects. Web. 11 Apr. 2019.

“Asian Women’s Fund.” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 6 Dec. 2018. Web. 11 Apr. 2019.
Image Sources:
잔인한 욱일기 왜놈들의 만행 [출처] 잔인한 욱일기 왜놈들의 만행|작성자: Image 42
Article by: Flying Pig
Date: 8 Nov. 2018
Accessed by: 11 Apr. 2019

Império Japonês (1870-1942), Al Lemos. 29 Jul. 2008. Wikimedia Commons.
“File:Location Map Asia.svg.”
Submitted by: Al Lemos
Published by: Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository
Date: 12 Mar 2019
Accessed by: 15 Apr 2019



ERECTING COMFORT STATIONS
Text Sources:
“List of territories occupied by Imperial Japan.”
Published by: Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
Date: 26 Mar. 2019
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019

“First Sino-Japanese War.”
Published by: Encyclopædia Britannica
Accessed by: 11 Apr. 2019

“First Sino-Japanese War.” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 10 Apr. 2019. Web. 12 Apr. 2019.

“The First Sino Japanese War.”
Article by: Thomas Zimmerman
Published by: SinoJapaneseWar.com
Access by: 11 Apr. 2019.

“First Battle of Shanghai.”
Article by: Peter C. Chen
Published by: World War II Database
Accessed by: 11 Apr. 2019

“Empire of Japan.”
Published by: Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
Date: 10 Apr. 2019
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019.

“Occupation of Japan.”
Published by: Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
Date: 1 Apr. 2019
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019

Image Sources:
Japan recruits sex slaves during Pacific War (1941-45)
Article by: Joseph Joh
Published by: The Seoul Times, Seoul
“63 Years On” - “Comfort Women” Tell Their Story in Documentary Film
Accessed by: Web. 11 Apr. 2019
LIVING CONDITIONS
Text Sources:
“Arsphenamine.”
Published by: Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
Date: 26 Feb. 2019
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019

“Magic bullet (medicine).”
Published by: Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
Date: 10 Apr. 2019
Accessed by:12 Apr. 2019.

Image Sources:
Building believed to have been used as a brothel during the Japanese occupation of Lae, New Guinea
Released by: Australian War Museum
ID: AWM 099134
Campbell ACT 2612
Date: 3 Nov. 1945
Found on:
You Don't Want to Know About the Girls? The 'Comfort Women', the Japanese Military and Allied Forces in the Asia-Pacific War
Article by: Tessa Morris-Suzuki
Published by: The Asian-Pacific Journal

“File:PHI-114-Japanese Government (Philippines)-500 Pesos (1944).jpg.”
Published by: Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository
Date: 26 Nov 2016
Accessed by: 15 Apr 2019
AFTERMATH
Text Sources:
“Kim Hak-sun.”
Published by: Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
Date: 24 Apr. 2018
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019.

“Rosa Henson.”
Published by: Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
Date: 4 Jan. 2019
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019

“Lee Yong-soo (activist).”
Published by: Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
Date: 31 Mar. 2019
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019

“Closing of the Asian Women’s Fund.”
Published by: Asian Women’s Fund Online Museum
Date: 6 Dec. 2018
Accessed by: 11 Apr. 2019

“Wednesday demonstration.” Published by: Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
Date: 21 Nov. 2018
Accessed by: 17 Apr. 2019.

Image Sources:
RosaHensonPCIJ.
Submitted by: Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism (PCIJ)
Published by:Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
Date: 2007
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019

ISSUES TODAY
Text Sources:
“Statue of Peace.”
Published by: Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia.
Date: 9 Apr. 2019
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019

“Why this statue of a young girl caused a diplomatic incident.”
Article by: James Griffiths and Sol Hans
Published by:
CNN Date: 10 Feb. 2017
Accessed by: 16 Apr. 2019.

“[Herald Interview] ‘Comfort women’ statues resonate with Koreans.”
Article by: KH디지털2.
Published by: The Korea Herald
Date: 3 Mar. 2016
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019.

“South Korean government asks Dong district to move Busan ‘comfort women’ statue.”
Article by: Kyodo
Published by: Japan Times
Date: 23 Feb. 2017
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019

“Japan–Korea disputes.”
Published by: Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia.
Date: 8 Apr. 2019
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019.

“Japan, South Korea Reach Agreement on ‘Comfort Women’.”
Article by: Yuki Tatsumi
Published by: The Diplomat
Date: 18 Dec. 2015.
Accessed by:12 Apr. 2019

“The ‘Final and Irreversible’ 2015 Japan-South Korea Comfort Women Deal Unravels.”
Article by: Ankit Panda
Published by: The Diplomat Japan Report. Date: Jan 2017. Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019.

“Japan and South Korea agree WW2 ‘comfort women’ deal.”
Published by: BBC News. BBC
Date: 28 Dec. 2015
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019

“Time running out for South Korean ‘comfort women’ as average age approaches 90.”
Article by: Mizuho Aoki
Published by: Japan Times Date: 21 Jun. 2015.
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019

“Why Japan is losing its battle against statues of colonial-era ‘comfort women’.”
Article by: Adam Taylor
Published by: Washington Post
Date: 21 Sep. 2017.
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019.

“Osaka drops San Francisco as sister city over ‘comfort women’ statue.”
Article by: Justin McCurry
Published by: The Guardian: News Japan
Date: Unknown
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019
Taken by: Jihye Lee

“South Korean Lawmaker Won’t Apologize for Japan Emperor Remarks.”
Article by: Jihye Lee
Published by: Bloomberg
Date: 13 Feb. 2019
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019.

“San Francisco Comfort Women Memorial.”
Published by: Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia.
Date: 12 Mar. 2019.
Accessed by: 13 Apr. 2019.

The house where the Philippines' forgotten 'comfort women' were held
Article by: Jane McMullen
Published by: BBC Our World
Date: 17 June 2016

Image Sources:
“Memorials to women who used to live at the House of Sharing but have since passed away.” and “The museum houses various pieces of art donated by noted Korean artists.”
For Images: Memorial of 1992, Memorial 2003, Memorial 2005, Memorial 2008, Memorial 2010, Memorial 2011, Memorial, 2014, Memorial 2015
Published by: Peace Monuments (& Peacemakers) Around the World
Date: Unknown
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019

The Peace Monument
Published by: Korea JoonAng Daily
Date: 14 Aug. 2017.
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019

COMFORT WOMEN WANTED
Made by: Chang Jin Lee
Date: 2008
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019

COMFORT WOMEN WANTED
Made by: Chang Jin Lee
Date: 2008
Accessed by: 12 Apr. 2019

South Korean President Park Geun-hye issues a statement to the nation from the presidential office
Article by: Heon-Kyun Jeon
Published by: EPA, Seoul, South Korea
Date: 13 Jan. 2016.
Accessed on: 18 Apr. 2019.

Photograph of Japan’s PM Shinzo Abe (L) and South Korea’s Park Geun-hye (R) agreed in November to accelerate talks on the issue.
Published by: Associated Press Photo, Seoul, South Korea
Date: 2015

Photo of Japan’s Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and South Korea’s Former President Park Geun-hye shaking hands on Japan-South Korea “Comfort Women” Deal
Published by: 9Korea
Date: Unknown

South Korea Moon Mixing Up Ties
Published by: Associated Press Photo, Seoul, South Korea
Taken by: Ahn Young-joon
Date: 1 Mar. 2017
ID: 17130307513947
Found Article

Comfort Women Monuments
Published by: Peace Monuments (& Peacemakers) Around the World
Date: 14 Dec. 2011

Former South Korean “comfort women” Lee Yong-soo (R) and Gil Won-ok react as they take part in a weekly anti-Japan rally in front of Japanese embassy in Seoul
Article by: Agence France-Presse
Published by: Reuters
Date: 27 Dec. 2017
Taken by: Kim Hong-Ji
Photo of: Statue of Peace (평화의 소녀상)
Made by: Kim Seo-kyung and Kim Eun-sung S 30 Dec. 2015

South Korea Japan
Article by: Sun-ho Kim
Published by: Associated Press Photo Busan, South Korea
Date: 6 Jan. 2017
ID: 17006153092975

Japanese Embassy in Seoul and watched from behind a bronze statue of comfort women
Published by: Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository.
Date: 7 Jan 2012
Accessed on: 16 Apr 2019

Column of Strength (San Francisco Comfort Women Memorial)
Article by: Justin Sullivan
Published by: Getty Images
Date: 1 Nov. 2017
ID: 869091588
Made by: Steven Whyte
Accessed on: 16 Apr 2019

CREDITS
Image Sources:
The funeral procession Kim Bok-dong, formally a "Comfort Women" Activist
Article by: Kim Tong-Hyung
Taken by: Ahn Young-joon
Published by: Associated Press Photo